Both humans and canines may be genetically predisposed to developing similar diseases. One of these diseases that may even sound familiar to you is lymphedema. We have all heard that we have lymph glands which are important for our bodies to function as a healthy unit. The German Shorthaired Pointer also has lymph glands. Lymph is a clear fluid that is drawn from body tissues and the space between tissues. Usually, the lymph fills up with protein and returns to the blood through the lymph nodes. However, it sometimes happens that there is excess fluid between the tissues of the body that causes swelling (edema), and the result is called “lymphedema”. The question that arises is “what causes lymphedema?”
Apparently, the fluids accumulate because there is some kind of abnormal interference with the routine lymphatic flow. When lymphedema occurs, it can be primary (hereditary) or secondary lymphedema. If a German Shorthaired Pointer has primary lymphedema, it is hereditary, and with this type, the lymphatic vessels are abnormal or possibly absent. When the breed develops the secondary type of this disease, the lymphatic vessels are likely to become blocked by a number of things, including tumors and inflammation. Because the German Shorthaired Pointer has a genetic predisposition for primary lymphedema, swelling may be noted at birth or shortly thereafter.
It is worth mentioning that in both primary and secondary lymphedema, swelling is likely to be seen in the areas of the hind legs, ears, midsection, and even the front legs. Anytime the skin is stretched with swelling, the chance of developing a bacterial infection is increased and there may be a longer healing time for any injury. The dog won’t look too bad, otherwise it may be healthy, but it may have a kind of spongy feeling when touched.
When and if your German Shorthaired Pointer appears to have swelling, it is advisable to take the dog to the vet for evaluation. It may help to know that lymphedema swelling can start in the dog’s paws and travel to the rest of the body. You may notice that your dog appears to be in pain and may be having difficulty moving. Lymphedema is a serious condition that can lead to infections under the skin. Lymphatic vessels can also become infected. The vet will do a full exam, blood tests, skin biopsy. There is also a test called lymphangiography in which a dye is injected and x-rays are taken. Treatment for lymphedema ranges from none to medication and surgery, depending on the severity of the disease.